It's just days after the destruction of the World Trade Center. Outside the New York State Armory on 26th Street, the wall is plastered with fliers about World Trade Center workers who are missing. The signs feature names, physical descriptions, color photos, names of employers, tower and floor numbers, home phone numbers and pleas for help. "Anyone who may have known Rich, please call us ANYTIME." "Floor 105, still hopeful family!!! Great Dad and missed soccer coach." Other signs offer hope for the families. "Hold on, help is on the way. Anything is possible when you believe."
"Come sit with us," says a woman sitting on the sidewalk and smoking a cigarette. "We can tell you about Lucy." The woman, Teresa Galdames, is looking for her cousin, Lucy Fishman. She worked on the 105th floor of World Trade Center Tower 2, as an administrative assistant for Aon Insurance. Lucy is 36 and has two children, one 3 and one 11. She was last heard from at about 8:55 a.m. on Tuesday morning, when her husband spoke with her. Teresa, Lucy's sister, Bertha Bracken, and dozens of other friends and relatives have been looking for Lucy for the past three days.
A couple of times, Teresa tells me, they've had false hope from "bogus Internet lists." On two different sites, she says, Lucy's name has come up, on one saying she was fine, and on another saying she was injured. Those reports turned out to be wrong -- Lucy was nowhere to be found. Anybody can post information about anybody on those lists, Teresa explains to me, and people have been putting up jokes, saying Tony Soprano is OK. She can't understand why anybody would want to play a prank on them.
We hear that the city is requesting DNA samples from missing people. "Shit, I would have brought in her toothbrush, I would have brought in her hairbrush," says Teresa. They've already faxed in Lucy's health and dental records. At the apartment, a friend of the family has been calling hospitals in New Jersey. But the main command post is at Lucy's home in Brooklyn. At one point, there were 30 people there working to locate her. "We were calling from the home phone, we had the computer, we had the fax line going and we had 12 cellphones going at the same time," says Teresa.
Inside the Armory is a brightly lit arena filled with people, soldiers and food. Lucy's sister Bertha is standing with Brian Howley, who is looking for his wife, Jennifer Dorsey, an insurance broker for Lucy's company, Aon. Jennifer is five and a half months pregnant. Bertha and Brian didn't know each other before, but they met three hours after the buildings collapsed. "Brian's going to be my friend for the rest of my life," says Bertha.
"Pataki gave me a hug," Brian says. "I gave him a picture."
Bertha, a junior at the NYU School of Social Work, is giddy from exhaustion. Her eyes are red from crying. "Look at me, I look like I've been smoking crack all day," she says. "I bathed with some baby wipes." She shows us an area where she's spread cardboard boxes on the wood floor of the Armory to sleep on. "This is my crack den, over here," she says. "This is my nice Castro Convertible."
Bertha says she spoke to somebody who saw her sister at work that day. That's the last time anybody saw her alive, she says.
The arena is hot from the bodies of hundreds of people. "I've been sitting in this corner all day, just so I don't have to be around all those people, crying, smelly, hot," says Bertha. "I've never seen so many volunteers in my life; you'd think they could bring a fan."
Food is abundant -- "like a movie set," says Bertha -- and every few minutes, somebody comes up to us offering snacks or drinks. "For three days, I've been like an animal, lying on the floor, eating with my hands, peanut butter under my nails," she says. "I was like, 'Can somebody call their grandmother and get some hot food over here?' I'm not kidding -- like half an hour later, there's 50 plates of pasta."
Teresa has a TV interview scheduled with NBC for midnight. "I hate when they ask, 'What kind of a person is she?'" says Teresa. "'How would you describe her in just one word? Generous? Kind? Giving?'"
"I hate how TV reporters are always like, 'What do you make of this? How do you feel?'" says James. "There's like 8 million burnt bodies, how do you think I feel? Shut the fuck up."
"Every time I try to think about something else, every time I try to talk about something else, I always come back to this horror," says Teresa. "I try to think, this is my daughter's first day of school. But it always comes back to this."
We go outside to an area where TV news crews have set up. "Don't cry during the interviews," Bertha warns Teresa. "We have hope. People need to know that we're rational, we're serious."
As we're waiting, a stranger comes up. "I heard there were 10 people who were caught in a pocket of air. It's unconfirmed."
"I have hope. Look at earthquakes. They find people two weeks later," says Teresa. She gives him a flier. "This is Lucy. She's my cousin. She's missing."
James and Brian do an NBC interview together. One interview leads to another, and ABC, NY-1 and CNN talk to them as well. By the time that's over, it's about 1:30 a.m., and they decide to go home. "These past three days have been like one day," says Teresa. "I have a wedding to go to Friday. Somebody said, it's tomorrow, I said, what are you talking about, I thought today's Tuesday."
Even though it's been almost three days, they're coming back out here tomorrow. "At this point, I'm not expecting somebody to tell me she's alive, she's sitting in my living room," says Teresa. "I just want to hear, 'I passed her on the stairwell on the way down, and she was alive then.' "
"I'm going to have to relearn how to live after this," says Bertha. "It's like I had a baby or something. I can't remember what my life was like before this."
"None of us can," says James.
When I return to the Armory on Friday, the mood has changed. Instead of crying in the streets, people seem hardened. There are fewer people, and the ones who have come back have a dogged determination on their faces. Part of the reason they're here today, they tell me, is just so they can feel like they're doing something. They've spent their days going to the hospitals, going to the morgue, checking the lists at the Armory and providing hairbrushes, razors and toothbrushes to the police for DNA analysis.
Some people tell me that if their missing relatives are dead, they want to find out as soon as possible, so they can mourn for them. But most are still optimistic. "I'm positive there are air pockets there, more pockets than we imagine, where people are alive. I'm holding out hope," says Carolyn Staub, a 30-ish woman who's looking for her brother-in-law Craig, a fund manager who worked on the 89th floor at the investment-banking and brokerage firm Keefe Bruyette & Woods. She's here with Craig's brother, his mother and his godmother.
Anthony Luparello Jr., 31, is here with a friend looking for his father, Anthony Luparello Sr., a maintenance worker for Aon Insurance on the 101st floor. Anthony and his father survived the World Trade Center bombing in 1993, and that, he says, is giving him hope. "If he could make it out then, he could make it out this time," says Anthony. "There's six levels down in that basement. There will be a lot of survivors. There will be."
A man named Nelson Ortiz is looking for his brother Pablo, a superintendent of the World Trade Center responsible for overseeing construction. Pablo was last seen on the 73rd floor. "I keep thinking my brother's going to come out of one of these buildings and say, 'Come on, Nelson, it's time to go home,'" he says. "He's a survivor and he knows construction. He knows where to go."
Nelson tells me he's stopped passing out fliers because it wasn't doing any good. Yesterday, he says, he handed out fliers, and since then, his mother's phone has been ringing off the hook. "When you're looking for somebody and the phone rings, your heart jumps because you think you're getting some information: armory, hospitals, doctors," says Nelson. But the callers were merely well-wishers who wanted to pour their hearts out to Nelson and pray with him.
On Saturday, the crowd at the Armory is smaller still, and the determination in people's eyes has turned to desperation. The families of victims wander around, clutching their fliers, with no apparent destination. They talk to volunteers; they try to get on camera so they can spread the word; they look like they're sleepwalking. I spot Nelson again. Today, he's with his 13-year-old son, who he says is giving him strength. Still, he's less optimistic. He's been chasing down bad leads for the past two days.
Yesterday he got a message from a hospital in upper Manhattan, he explains, saying they had Pablo Ortiz. "I felt great, super, it was explosive," says Nelson. He headed straight for the Armory and, with the help of an officer, got the hospital on the phone. The first thing they asked for was the patient's date of birth. It was Jan. 25, 1951 -- exactly one year before Pablo's. To be sure, Nelson asked whether the patient had tattoos of dragons on his arms. The hospital checked and said no. Nelson's heart sank. It was the wrong guy. "I was like, 'Oh, no,'" says Nelson. "I know, it's so selfish."
Today, Nelson is discouraged. "This is another day, and it's getting dark again. Now it's starting to sink in that I lost a brother," he says. "There's no good news today. I don't think there's going to be any good news tomorrow. Before, it was hope. Now, I'm looking for a miracle."
Today seems to be the day of false hope for everyone. I meet Luis Espinoza, an Ecuadorian-American man who's looking for his wife, Fanny, an SEC compliance officer who works for Cantor Fitzgerald on the 104th floor. He's wearing a T-shirt with her photo on it. He says he had it made the day before at the mall. Tuesday and Wednesday he didn't eat or sleep. On Thursday his brother took him to the NYU hospital, where doctors gave him a shot for insomnia and prescribed sleeping pills.
Luis, 40, is here with his brother Harry, 30, and sister Marilyn, 27. Earlier today, the family did an interview on Channel 41, a Spanish-language station, in which they held up the poster with Fanny's photo. Minutes later, a call came in from a woman saying she had seen Fanny at Metropolitan Hospital and that she was in critical condition. Her uncle, who took the call, was so excited to hear she was alive that he didn't have the presence of mind to take down the caller's name or number. The family dropped what they were doing and rushed to Metropolitan Hospital. But she wasn't there.
"We think maybe they meant New York Metropolitan area," says Marilyn. "We don't think it was a prank call. We're praying it's not." The call came in right after the TV interview, so they presume the caller recognized Fanny from the photo on TV. "The lady who called was on her way to see a patient, and she saw her. They said she got tubes all over her mouth, all over her nose, that's why she can't talk," Luis tells me. They talk to the producers at Channel 41 to try to get another interview so they can ask whoever it was who called to please call again. Meanwhile, Luis calls the phone company to try to find out the caller's number. It turns out the caller was calling from a pay phone.
"You lose hope. They tell you to be realistic, prepare yourself for the worst little by little, not to lie to the kids," says Marilyn. "Then we got this news today and you feel guilty, like how dare I think like that? And you get hopeful again. It's like a roller coaster."
They do a second interview, but the woman never calls back.
By Sunday night, the wall of hope extends for a block in all directions. There are children's cards with messages like "Keep your head held high and hope and pray for all the people gone," and "I am truly sorry. I will keep you in my prayers." A multicolored canvas for well-wishers to write their thoughts on has messages like "Our hearts are broken but our spirit is alive," and "We will never forget you." The petals from thousands of flowers -- red, yellow, white -- have been fused to the ledge by trails of melted wax from the candles. People from all over the city are here reading the wall now, National Guard, police, volunteers and civilians. They walk slowly, tears in their eyes as they read the information on the posters. They're not looking for anybody in particular; they just want to study the details of the missing, to pay their respects and to know who these people were. The wall of hope has become a memorial.
Tonight, the few people who are out are not letting themselves think in terms of being hopeful or not hopeful. David Vincent, 51, a high-ranking commodities manager for Eastman Kodak, has driven here from Rochester, N.Y., to find his daughter Melissa, a 28-year-old technical recruiter for Alliance Consulting who worked on the 102nd floor.
David approaches the whole thing like a law enforcement agent conducting an investigation. "These are the facts we have," he tells me. Melissa was in the shower at 7:10 a.m., according to her roommates; she lives in Hoboken, N.J. and takes a bus to the train station, then takes a PATH train into work; she placed a 911 call at 9:02 a.m. and seven one-hundredths; the call lasted one minute. She had a meeting scheduled for 8:45 a.m. "It's been described that she's also traditionally a little bit late for work, about 15 or 20 minutes, which helps us believe that she might not have made it to the office," says David. "Right now I have nothing that places her in that office at that time." David hopes that maybe Melissa was still down in the subway area when the building collapsed.
He knows about the 911 call because he's already obtained the logs from Melissa's cellphone service provider. Now he's working on getting the 911 transcript. "We know the 911 call was placed, we know to the hundredth of a second when it was placed, we know what call center it went into and we know it was recorded," says David. But the NYPD won't release a transcript, saying they have to sift through thousands of pages of transcripts before they can find that particular call. David is working on obtaining a court order. He also has his congressional representative, Louise Slaughter, applying pressure on the police department.
"People have asked me, how do I feel about the president being here, what do I think about the repercussions of all this," says David. "I don't feel anything. All I'm channeled on is finding my daughter. It's completely tunnel vision. If you approach it differently than that, you can't do what you have to do. That's the way I'm built."
Later that night, I spot Bertha. She seems subdued. I ask her if she's had any news. "Has anybody had any news?" she asks. "They added a thousand names to the list today. They have a deceased list now." She's been spending her days at the Armory, she says, just waiting for updates and doing nothing else. Inside, she says, "There's nothing. There's no hurt, there's no pain, there's no anger, there's no sense of closure. There's nothing left."
Without exception, everyone I speak to emphasizes how supportive everyone has been, how beautiful it is the way people have come together, how strangers have reached out to them, calling them from as far away as Brazil to express their love, condolences and sympathy. It's as if the family members of the missing are trying to prove in their minds that the evil of the terrorist acts is outweighed by the goodness of what is going on around them. They are trying to convince themselves that even if some people are capable of extraordinary evil, people are fundamentally decent -- the same sentiment expressed in the Anne Frank quote I see written on a sign in Union Square Park later that night: "I still believe, in spite of everything, that people are really good at heart."
In the midst of all the suffering, the family members of the missing have formed a bond. Nelson tells me something I dismiss at first as exaggeration. "It's not even about me finding my brother anymore," he says. "Because even if I find my brother, there will still be people who don't find their people. If somebody else finds their loved one, I find mine."
Now, getting ready to go back inside the Armory, Bertha volunteers the same sentiment. "At this point, we love each other so much, we're brothers and sisters inside the Armory," she says. "We're one family. If one person gets out, we're equally as happy for that person as we would be for ourselves, for our own family member."
The entire operation has now moved to 54th Street and the National Guard has taken back its Armory. But Bertha says, "I'm not going to leave my sister. I'm going to be there until I find her."
Although search and rescue workers are continuing their efforts, Mayor Giuliani has been emphasizing to family members that they should prepare for the worst. On Tuesday, Giuliani said that finding a live survivor in the ruins at this point would be nothing short of a "miracle," and announced that family members of those still missing could apply for death certificates.
A memorial service is planned for Lucy Fishman this weekend, and her family is struggling to accept the loss. But other families are not yet ready to move on. Luis and his family held a mass for Fanny last Saturday, but its purpose was not so much to say goodbye as to offer prayers of hope. "We heard that the governor announced you could get a death certificate," says Luis' brother Harry. "But Luis doesn't want to do that. He's holding on a little bit more."
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